1. Cov txheej txheem yooj yim ntws
Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob sai ntawm kev lag luam niaj hnub, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev lag luam tshuaj, muaj ntau yam khoom siv roj hmab, tab sis lawv cov txheej txheem ntau lawm yog tib yam.Cov txheej txheem ntawm cov khoom tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv roj hmab (cov roj hmab nyoos) feem ntau suav nrog:
Raw khoom npaj → plasticization → sib tov → sib sau → vulcanization → trimming → tshuaj xyuas
2. Kev npaj cov khoom siv raw
Cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv roj hmab muaj xws li cov roj hmab nyoos, cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke, cov ntaub ntawv fiber ntau, thiab cov ntaub ntawv hlau.Ntawm lawv, cov roj hmab nyoos yog cov khoom siv yooj yim;Tus neeg sawv cev sib xyaw ua ke yog cov khoom siv pabcuam ntxiv los txhim kho qee yam khoom ntawm cov khoom siv roj hmab;Cov ntaub ntawv fiber ntau (paj rwb, linen, ntaub plaub, ntau yam khoom siv fiber ntau, hluavtaws fibers) thiab cov ntaub ntawv hlau (steel hlau, tooj liab hlau) yog siv los ua cov khoom siv pob txha rau cov khoom siv roj hmab los txhim kho cov khoom siv dag zog thiab txo cov khoom deformation.
Thaum lub sij hawm npaj cov khoom raw, cov khoom xyaw yuav tsum raug ntsuas raws li cov qauv.Txhawm rau kom cov roj hmab nyoos thiab tus neeg sawv cev sib xyaw ua ke sib xyaw ua ke, qee cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau ua tiav:
1. Cov txheej txheem yooj yim ntws
Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob sai ntawm kev lag luam niaj hnub, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev lag luam tshuaj, muaj ntau yam khoom siv roj hmab, tab sis lawv cov txheej txheem ntau lawm yog tib yam.Cov txheej txheem ntawm cov khoom tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv roj hmab (cov roj hmab nyoos) feem ntau suav nrog:
Raw khoom npaj → plasticization → sib tov → sib sau → vulcanization → so → tshuaj xyuas
2. Kev npaj cov khoom siv raw
Cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv roj hmab muaj xws li cov roj hmab nyoos, cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke, cov ntaub ntawv fiber ntau, thiab cov ntaub ntawv hlau.Ntawm lawv, cov roj hmab nyoos yog cov khoom siv yooj yim;Tus neeg sawv cev sib xyaw ua ke yog cov khoom siv pabcuam ntxiv los txhim kho qee yam khoom ntawm cov khoom siv roj hmab;Cov ntaub ntawv fiber ntau (paj rwb, linen, ntaub plaub, ntau yam khoom siv fiber ntau, hluavtaws fibers) thiab cov ntaub ntawv hlau (steel hlau, tooj liab hlau) yog siv los ua cov khoom siv pob txha rau cov khoom siv roj hmab los txhim kho cov khoom siv dag zog thiab txo cov khoom deformation.
Thaum lub sij hawm npaj cov khoom raw, cov khoom xyaw yuav tsum raug ntsuas raws li cov qauv.Txhawm rau kom cov roj hmab nyoos thiab tus neeg sawv cev sib xyaw ua ke sib xyaw ua ke, qee cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau ua tiav:
Cov roj hmab nyoos yuav tsum tau softened nyob rau hauv ib tug 60-70 ℃ qhuav chav ua ntej txiav thiab tawg mus rau hauv me me pieces;
Thaiv zoo li additives xws li paraffin, stearic acid, rosin, thiab lwm yam yuav tsum tau crushed;
Yog tias cov hmoov sib xyaw muaj cov khoom tsis huv lossis cov khoom ntxhib, nws yuav tsum tau tshuaj xyuas thiab tshem tawm;
Cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo (pine tar, coumarone) yuav tsum tau cua sov, yaj, dej evaporating, thiab lim impurities;
Lub compounding tus neeg sawv cev yuav tsum tau qhuav, txwv tsis pub nws yog nquag mus clumping thiab tsis tuaj yeem sib npaug thaum sib xyaw, ua rau muaj npuas thaum lub sij hawm vulcanization thiab cuam tshuam cov khoom zoo;
3. Kev kho kom zoo
Cov roj hmab nyoos yog elastic thiab tsis muaj cov khoom tsim nyog (plasticity) rau kev ua, ua rau nws nyuaj rau kev ua haujlwm.Txhawm rau txhim kho nws cov plasticity, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo dua cov roj hmab nyoos;Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, tus neeg sawv cev sib xyaw yog yooj yim sib npaug ntawm cov roj hmab nyoos thaum sib tov;Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, thaum lub sijhawm dov thiab tsim cov txheej txheem, nws kuj tseem pab txhim kho cov permeability ntawm cov khoom siv roj hmab (xws li nkag mus rau hauv cov ntaub fiber ntau) thiab ua kom fluidity.Cov txheej txheem ntawm degrading cov saw ntev ntev ntawm cov roj hmab nyoos los ua plasticity hu ua plasticization.Muaj ob txoj hauv kev los ua kom cov roj hmab nyoos: mechanical refining thiab thermal refining.Mechanical plasticizing yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev txo cov degradation ntawm cov hlua ntev roj hmab molecules thiab hloov lawv los ntawm lub xeev elastic heev rau lub xeev yas los ntawm cov neeg kho tshuab extrusion thiab kev sib txhuam ntawm lub tshuab plasticizing ntawm qhov kub thiab txias.Thermoplastic refining yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev qhia cov cua kub compressed rau hauv cov roj hmab nyoos, uas, nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm tshav kub thiab oxygen, degrades thiab shortens ntev-chain molecules, yog li tau txais plasticity.
4. Sib tov
Txhawm rau hloov kho rau ntau yam kev siv, ua tiav qhov kev ua tau zoo sib txawv, thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv roj hmab thiab txo cov nqi, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau ntxiv cov khoom sib txawv rau cov roj hmab nyoos.Kev sib tov yog txheej txheem ntawm kev sib xyaw cov roj hmab yas yas nrog cov neeg sawv cev sib xyaw thiab muab tso rau hauv lub tshuab roj hmab.Los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke, tus neeg sawv cev sib xyaw ua tiav thiab sib xyaw ua ke hauv cov roj hmab nyoos.Kev sib tov yog txheej txheem tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv roj hmab.Yog tias qhov sib tov tsis sib xws, lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov roj hmab thiab cov khoom siv ntxiv tsis tuaj yeem siv tag nrho, uas cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom.Cov khoom siv roj hmab tau txais tom qab sib tov, hu ua cov roj hmab sib xyaw, yog cov khoom siv ua tiav siv los tsim ntau yam khoom siv roj hmab, feem ntau hu ua cov khoom siv roj hmab.Nws feem ntau yog muag raws li cov khoom lag luam, thiab cov neeg yuav khoom tuaj yeem ncaj qha thiab vulcanize cov khoom siv roj hmab los tsim cov khoom siv roj hmab.Raws li cov qauv sib txawv, cov roj hmab sib xyaw muaj cov qib sib txawv thiab ntau yam nrog cov khoom sib txawv, muab kev xaiv.
5. Kev tsim
Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm cov khoom siv roj hmab, kev siv lub tshuab dov lossis extrusion ua ntej ua ntau yam duab thiab qhov ntau thiab tsawg yog hu ua molding.Cov txheej txheem tsim muaj xws li:
Rolling forming yog tsim rau kev tsim cov ntawv yooj yim thiab phaj zoo li cov khoom.Nws yog ib txoj hauv kev los nias cov roj hmab sib xyaw rau hauv ib qho duab thiab qhov loj ntawm zaj duab xis los ntawm lub tshuab dov, hu ua rolling forming.Qee cov khoom siv roj hmab (xws li log tsheb, tapes, hoses, thiab lwm yam) siv cov ntaub ntawv fiber ntau uas yuav tsum tau coated nrog ib txheej nyias ntawm cov nplaum (tseem hu ua nplaum los yog so ntawm cov fibers), thiab cov txheej txheem txheej feem ntau ua tiav ntawm ib qho dov tshuab.Cov ntaub ntawv fiber ntau yuav tsum tau qhuav thiab impregnated ua ntej dov.Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev ziab yog txo cov dej noo ntawm cov khoom siv fiber ntau (kom tsis txhob evaporation thiab foaming) thiab txhim kho
Post lub sij hawm: Jan-09-2024