1. Cov txheej txheem yooj yim
Muaj ntau hom khoom siv roj hmab, tab sis cov txheej txheem tsim khoom yeej zoo ib yam. Cov txheej txheem yooj yim ntawm cov khoom siv roj hmab nrog cov roj hmab khov kho-roj hmab raw ua cov khoom siv raw suav nrog rau cov txheej txheem yooj yim: plasticizing, sib tov, calendering, extrusion, molding thiab vulcanization. Tau kawg, cov txheej txheem yooj yim xws li kev npaj cov khoom siv raw, cov khoom tiav tiav, kev tshuaj xyuas thiab ntim khoom kuj tseem ceeb. Cov txheej txheem ua cov roj hmab yog feem ntau los daws qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm cov khoom yas thiab cov khoom elastic. Los ntawm ntau txoj kev siv tshuab, cov roj hmab elastic raug hloov mus ua cov roj hmab masticated yas, thiab tom qab ntawd ntau yam tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke raug ntxiv los ua cov khoom tiav ib nrab, thiab tom qab ntawd cov khoom tiav ib nrab yas raug hloov mus ua cov khoom siv roj hmab nrog elasticity siab thiab cov khoom siv lub cev thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab zoo los ntawm vulcanization.
2. Kev npaj cov khoom siv raw
Cov khoom siv tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv roj hmab yog roj hmab nyoos ua cov khoom siv yooj yim, thiab roj hmab nyoos yog sau los ntawm kev txiav cov tawv ntoo ntawm cov ntoo roj hmab uas cog hauv thaj chaw sov thiab thaj chaw sov.
Ntau yam tshuaj sib xyaw yog cov ntaub ntawv pabcuam ntxiv los txhim kho qee yam khoom ntawm cov khoom roj hmab.
Cov ntaub ntawv fiber (paj rwb, hemp, ntaub plaub thiab ntau yam fibers ua los ntawm tib neeg, cov fibers hluavtaws thiab cov ntaub ntawv hlau, cov hlau hlau) yog siv ua cov khoom siv pob txha rau cov khoom siv roj hmab kom txhim kho lub zog kho tshuab thiab txwv tsis pub cov khoom deformation. Hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev npaj cov khoom siv raw, cov khoom xyaw yuav tsum tau ntsuas kom raug raws li cov mis. Yuav kom cov roj hmab nyoos thiab cov neeg sawv cev sib xyaw ua ke sib xyaw ua ke, cov khoom siv yuav tsum tau ua tiav. Cov roj hmab nyoos yuav tsum tau mos hauv chav ziab ntawm 60-70 ℃, thiab tom qab ntawd txiav thiab tawg ua tej daim me me. Cov neeg sawv cev sib xyaw ua ke yog lumpy. Xws li paraffin, stearic acid, rosin, thiab lwm yam kom raug tsoo. Yog tias cov hmoov muaj cov khoom tsis huv lossis cov khoom me me, nws yuav tsum tau tshuaj xyuas kom tshem tawm cov kua xws li ntoo thuv tar thiab coumarone, uas yuav tsum tau ua kom sov, yaj, evaporated, thiab lim. Kev tsim npuas thaum lub sijhawm vulcanization sib xws cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom.
3. Yas
Cov roj hmab nyoos yog elastic thiab tsis muaj plasticity tsim nyog rau kev ua tiav, yog li nws tsis yooj yim rau kev ua tiav. Yuav kom txhim kho nws cov plasticity, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los zom cov roj hmab nyoos, kom cov neeg sawv cev sib xyaw ua ke tuaj yeem yooj yim thiab sib npaug hauv cov roj hmab nyoos thaum lub sijhawm sib tov, thiab tib lub sijhawm, nws kuj pab txhim kho qhov permeability ntawm cov roj hmab thiab nkag mus rau hauv cov ntaub fiber thaum lub sijhawm calendering thiab tsim cov txheej txheem. thiab molding fluidity. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev rhuav tshem cov molecules ntev ntawm cov roj hmab nyoos los tsim plasticity hu ua mastication. Muaj ob txoj hauv kev ntawm plasticizing cov roj hmab nyoos: mechanical plasticizing thiab thermal plasticizing. Mechanical mastication yog ib qho txheej txheem uas cov molecules roj hmab ntev raug rhuav tshem thiab luv luv los ntawm lub xeev siab elastic mus rau lub xeev yas los ntawm kev siv tshuab extrusion thiab kev sib txhuam ntawm cov plasticizer ntawm qhov kub qis. Kub plasticizing yog xa cov cua kub compressed mus rau hauv cov roj hmab nyoos nyob rau hauv qhov kev ua ntawm cua sov thiab oxygen kom rhuav tshem cov molecules ntev thiab luv luv lawv kom tau txais plasticity.
4. Sib tov
Yuav kom hloov tau raws li ntau yam kev siv, tau txais ntau yam khoom, thiab txhawm rau txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom roj hmab thiab txo cov nqi, cov neeg sawv cev sib txawv yuav tsum tau ntxiv rau cov roj hmab nyoos. Kev sib tov yog ib qho txheej txheem uas cov roj hmab nyoos masticated sib tov nrog cov neeg sawv cev sib tov, thiab cov neeg sawv cev sib tov tau sib xyaw ua ke thiab sib npaug hauv cov roj hmab nyoos los ntawm kev sib tov tshuab hauv lub tshuab sib tov roj hmab. Kev sib tov yog ib qho txheej txheem tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem tsim cov khoom roj hmab. Yog tias kev sib tov tsis sib npaug, cov nyhuv ntawm roj hmab thiab cov neeg sawv cev sib xyaw tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav tag nrho, uas cuam tshuam rau kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom. Cov khoom siv roj hmab tau txais tom qab sib tov hu ua roj hmab sib xyaw. Nws yog cov khoom siv semi-finished rau kev tsim ntau yam khoom roj hmab, feem ntau hu ua cov khoom siv roj hmab, uas feem ntau muag ua khoom lag luam. Cov neeg yuav khoom tuaj yeem siv cov khoom siv roj hmab los ua ncaj qha, ua duab thiab vulcanize nws mus rau hauv cov khoom roj hmab xav tau. . Raws li cov qauv sib txawv, muaj ntau qib sib txawv thiab ntau yam nrog cov yam ntxwv sib txawv xaiv los ntawm.
5. Tsim
Hauv cov txheej txheem tsim cov khoom siv roj hmab, cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua ntej ntau yam duab thiab qhov ntau thiab tsawg los ntawm calenders lossis extruders hu ua molding.
6. Kev Siv Vulcanization
Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev hloov cov roj hmab yas mus rau hauv cov roj hmab elastic hu ua vulcanization. Nws yog los ntawm kev ntxiv ib qho nyiaj ntawm cov neeg sawv cev vulcanizing xws li sulfur, vulcanization accelerator, thiab lwm yam. Cov molecules linear ntawm cov roj hmab nyoos tau sib txuas ua ke los tsim cov qauv network peb-seem los ntawm kev tsim cov "sulfur chob", yog li cov roj hmab yas ua cov vulcanizate elastic heev.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Peb Hlis-29-2022
